Solar panels, heat pumps and insulation in Kings Cross St Pancras conservation area
In the Kings Cross St Pancras conservation area (Camden), external wall insulation needs planning permission, and so does an air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road; one at the back or side, internal and loft insulation and solar panels on a roof slope normally do not. An Article 4 direction published by Camden covers this area, but the published data does not say which rights it removes — check the direction before any work. The area has 42 listed buildings; on a listed building solar panels and heat pumps are not permitted development at all and need planning permission and listed building consent. 1,013 homes inside the boundary have an energy certificate: 34.4% are solid-wall homes with no wall insulation, 40.2% heat with a gas boiler and 39.8% are rated D–G; 10 have a heat pump. EPC register November 2026; rules as at 21 October 2026.
Data: EPC register November 2026 (latest certificate per home), conservation area boundaries 3 November 2026, permitted development rules as at 21 October 2026 · calculated 5 November 2026 · Methodology and sources
1,013homes with an energy certificate
34.4%solid walls, no insulation
40.2%heated by a gas boiler
10heat pumps
Article 4: An Article 4 direction published by Camden covers this area, but the published data does not say which rights it removes — check the direction before any work. (Basements; Commercial, Business, and Service (Use Class E) to residential (Use Class C3) (in CAZ))
What needs planning permission in Kings Cross St Pancras
Work (house, not listed)
In a conservation area
Rule
Air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road, or nearer the road than the house
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class G, G.1(j)
Air source heat pump at the back or side (outdoor unit up to 1.5 m³, MCS Planning Standards, one per house — two on a detached house)
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 14 Class G
Solar panels on a pitched roof (up to 0.2 m proud, not above the ridge)
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 14 Class A, A.2(c)
Solar panels on a wall, balcony or roof enclosure facing the road
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class A, A.2(e)
Solar panels on a flat roof (up to 0.6 m above the roof)
Prior approval of appearance from the council, unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Replacement windows and doors of similar appearance
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 1 Class A, A.3(a)
Listed buildings: 42 in the area (grade I: 3, II*: 2). The table is for houses that are not listed: on a listed building, solar panels and air source heat pumps are not permitted development at all (they need planning permission), and any of these works needs listed building consent.
Flats: 93% of the certified homes here are flats or maisonettes. Homes in a block of flats have no householder rights for alterations; heat pumps and solar have their own, tighter rules for blocks of flats.
The homes in the area (latest certificate per home, n = 1,013)
Walls
Homes
Share
Modern wall (U-value from the design)
417
41.2%
Solid wall (brick or stone), no insulation
348
34.4%
Other or not known
76
7.5%
Cavity wall, insulated (as built or unspecified)
44
4.3%
Cavity wall, unfilled
30
3.0%
Cavity wall, filled
25
2.5%
Solid wall, insulated
22
2.2%
Timber frame
20
2.0%
Cavity wall, partly insulated
8
0.8%
Solid wall, external insulation
8
0.8%
Solid wall, internal insulation
7
0.7%
Cavity wall, internal or external insulation
4
0.4%
Solid wall, partly insulated
4
0.4%
Heating
Homes
Share
Gas boiler
407
40.2%
Communal heating
395
39.0%
Electric (storage heaters, panels, boiler)
201
19.8%
Heat pump
10
1.0%
Loft / roof insulation
Homes
Share
No insulation
77
7.6%
Under 200 mm
44
4.3%
200 mm or more
16
1.6%
Insulated (depth not recorded)
78
7.7%
Flat or other home above
691
68.2%
Other
107
10.6%
Windows
Homes
Share
Double glazed
748
73.8%
Single glazed
209
20.6%
Secondary glazing
47
4.6%
Triple glazed
9
0.9%
BCD
Energy rating: B 276 (27.2%) · C 334 (33.0%) · D 335 (33.1%) · E 56 (5.5%) · F 8 (0.8%) · G 4 (0.4%). Houses and bungalows: 7% of the homes; solar panels on 0.1% of the certificates. Most common build period on the certificates: before 1900. Designated: 1 February 1994.
Compared with Camden and England
Share of homes
Kings Cross St Pancras
All 40 areas in Camden
England
Solid walls, no insulation
34.4%
67.1%
48.7%
Gas boiler
40.2%
67.5%
66.4%
Rated D–G
39.8%
—
56.5%
Caveats
Certificates describe a home when it was assessed; 48% of these are from 2020 or later (latest 31 October 2026). “No insulation (assumed)” is the assessor's default for older walls.
The rules are England's national permitted development rules (General Permitted Development Order 2015, Schedule 2, as at 21 October 2026). They do not cover building regulations or a council's own conditions. This is not a planning decision: ask Camden if in doubt.
Boundary: London Borough of Camden via planning.data.gov.uk (entity 44009624, reference CA25, 44.3 ha); the council's appraisal or map. Homes are placed by the coordinates of their UPRN (OS Open UPRN); addresses are not shown.