Solar panels, heat pumps and insulation in Heslington conservation area
In the Heslington conservation area (York), external wall insulation needs planning permission, and so does an air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road; one at the back or side, internal and loft insulation and solar panels on a roof slope normally do not. An Article 4 direction published by York covers this area and removes permitted development rights for solar panels on the house, replacement windows and doors, and other alterations to the house, alterations to the roof (e.g. rooflights), chimneys, flues and soil pipes, so there these need planning permission too. The area has 27 listed buildings; on a listed building solar panels and heat pumps are not permitted development at all and need planning permission and listed building consent. 99 homes inside the boundary have an energy certificate: 46% are solid-wall homes with no wall insulation, 97% heat with a gas boiler and 74% are rated D–G; 1 has a heat pump. EPC register November 2026; rules as at 21 October 2026.
Data: EPC register November 2026 (latest certificate per home), conservation area boundaries 3 November 2026, permitted development rules as at 21 October 2026 · calculated 5 November 2026 · Methodology and sources
99homes with an energy certificate
46%solid walls, no insulation
97%heated by a gas boiler
1heat pumps
Article 4: An Article 4 direction published by York covers this area and removes permitted development rights for solar panels on the house, replacement windows and doors, and other alterations to the house, alterations to the roof (e.g. rooflights), chimneys, flues and soil pipes, so there these need planning permission too. (HMO; Heslington Conservation Area)
What needs planning permission in Heslington
Work (house, not listed)
In a conservation area
Rule
Air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road, or nearer the road than the house
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class G, G.1(j)
Air source heat pump at the back or side (outdoor unit up to 1.5 m³, MCS Planning Standards, one per house — two on a detached house)
No permission needed (permitted development)
Part 14 Class G
Solar panels on a pitched roof (up to 0.2 m proud, not above the ridge)
Planning permission needed (an Article 4 direction here removes this right)
Part 14 Class A, A.2(c)
Solar panels on a wall, balcony or roof enclosure facing the road
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class A, A.2(e)
Solar panels on a flat roof (up to 0.6 m above the roof)
Planning permission needed (an Article 4 direction here removes this right)
Replacement windows and doors of similar appearance
Planning permission needed (an Article 4 direction here removes this right)
Part 1 Class A, A.3(a)
Listed buildings: 27 in the area (grade I: 0, II*: 2). The table is for houses that are not listed: on a listed building, solar panels and air source heat pumps are not permitted development at all (they need planning permission), and any of these works needs listed building consent.
Flats: 6% of the certified homes here are flats or maisonettes. Homes in a block of flats have no householder rights for alterations; heat pumps and solar have their own, tighter rules for blocks of flats.
The homes in the area (latest certificate per home, n = 99)
Walls
Homes
Share
Solid wall (brick or stone), no insulation
46
46%
Cavity wall, insulated (as built or unspecified)
21
21%
Cavity wall, filled
17
17%
Modern wall (U-value from the design)
6
6%
Cavity wall, unfilled
5
5%
Solid wall, insulated
2
2%
Solid wall, internal insulation
2
2%
Heating
Homes
Share
Gas boiler
96
97%
Electric (storage heaters, panels, boiler)
1
1%
Heat pump
1
1%
Solid fuel (wood, coal)
1
1%
Loft / roof insulation
Homes
Share
No insulation
13
13%
Under 200 mm
21
21%
200 mm or more
38
38%
Insulated (depth not recorded)
19
19%
Flat or other home above
2
2%
Other
6
6%
Windows
Homes
Share
Double glazed
67
68%
Single glazed
25
25%
Secondary glazing
6
6%
Triple glazed
1
1%
CDE
Energy rating: B 4 (4%) · C 22 (22%) · D 53 (54%) · E 15 (15%) · F 3 (3%) · G 2 (2%). Houses and bungalows: 94% of the homes; solar panels on 0% of the certificates. Most common build period on the certificates: before 1900. Designated: 20 January 1969.
Compared with York and England
Share of homes
Heslington
All 35 areas in York
England
Solid walls, no insulation
46%
37.5%
48.7%
Gas boiler
97%
61.7%
66.4%
Rated D–G
74%
—
56.5%
Caveats
Certificates describe a home when it was assessed; 39% of these are from 2020 or later (latest 9 June 2026). “No insulation (assumed)” is the assessor's default for older walls.
The rules are England's national permitted development rules (General Permitted Development Order 2015, Schedule 2, as at 21 October 2026). They do not cover building regulations or a council's own conditions. This is not a planning decision: ask York if in doubt.
Boundary: City of York Council via planning.data.gov.uk (entity 44014446, reference DYO1659, 31.3 ha); the council's appraisal or map. Homes are placed by the coordinates of their UPRN (OS Open UPRN); addresses are not shown.