Solar panels, heat pumps and insulation in Castlefield conservation area
In the Castlefield conservation area (Manchester), external wall insulation needs planning permission, and so does an air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road; one at the back or side, internal and loft insulation and solar panels on a roof slope normally do not. The area has 33 listed buildings; on a listed building solar panels and heat pumps are not permitted development at all and need planning permission and listed building consent. 4,597 homes inside the boundary have an energy certificate: 2.0% are solid-wall homes with no wall insulation, 3.2% heat with a gas boiler and 12.2% are rated D–G; 0 have a heat pump. EPC register November 2026; rules as at 21 October 2026.
Data: EPC register November 2026 (latest certificate per home), conservation area boundaries 3 November 2026, permitted development rules as at 21 October 2026 · calculated 5 November 2026 · Methodology and sources
4,597homes with an energy certificate
2.0%solid walls, no insulation
3.2%heated by a gas boiler
0heat pumps
Article 4: Manchester does not publish Article 4 areas on planning.data.gov.uk — check with the council.
What needs planning permission in Castlefield
Work (house, not listed)
In a conservation area
Rule
Air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road, or nearer the road than the house
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class G, G.1(j)
Air source heat pump at the back or side (outdoor unit up to 1.5 m³, MCS Planning Standards, one per house — two on a detached house)
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 14 Class G
Solar panels on a pitched roof (up to 0.2 m proud, not above the ridge)
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 14 Class A, A.2(c)
Solar panels on a wall, balcony or roof enclosure facing the road
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class A, A.2(e)
Solar panels on a flat roof (up to 0.6 m above the roof)
Prior approval of appearance from the council, unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Replacement windows and doors of similar appearance
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 1 Class A, A.3(a)
Listed buildings: 33 in the area (grade I: 3, II*: 1). The table is for houses that are not listed: on a listed building, solar panels and air source heat pumps are not permitted development at all (they need planning permission), and any of these works needs listed building consent.
Flats: 99% of the certified homes here are flats or maisonettes. Homes in a block of flats have no householder rights for alterations; heat pumps and solar have their own, tighter rules for blocks of flats.
The homes in the area (latest certificate per home, n = 4,597)
Walls
Homes
Share
Modern wall (U-value from the design)
2,060
44.8%
Other or not known
1,726
37.5%
Cavity wall, insulated (as built or unspecified)
480
10.4%
Solid wall, insulated
124
2.7%
Solid wall (brick or stone), no insulation
90
2.0%
Timber frame
35
0.8%
Cavity wall, partly insulated
32
0.7%
Cavity wall, filled
25
0.5%
Cavity wall, unfilled
17
0.4%
Solid wall, internal insulation
5
0.1%
Solid wall, partly insulated
3
0.1%
Heating
Homes
Share
Electric (storage heaters, panels, boiler)
4,254
92.5%
Communal heating
198
4.3%
Gas boiler
145
3.2%
Loft / roof insulation
Homes
Share
No insulation
11
0.2%
Under 200 mm
36
0.8%
200 mm or more
37
0.8%
Insulated (depth not recorded)
349
7.6%
Flat or other home above
3,986
86.7%
Other
178
3.9%
Windows
Homes
Share
Double glazed
4,562
99.2%
Single glazed
16
0.3%
Secondary glazing
12
0.3%
Triple glazed
7
0.2%
BCD
Energy rating: B 2,156 (46.9%) · C 1,879 (40.9%) · D 461 (10.0%) · E 94 (2.0%) · F 7 (0.2%). Houses and bungalows: 1% of the homes; solar panels on 0.0% of the certificates. Most common build period on the certificates: 2003-2006. Designated: 13 October 1979.
Compared with Manchester and England
Share of homes
Castlefield
All 34 areas in Manchester
England
Solid walls, no insulation
2.0%
22.3%
48.7%
Gas boiler
3.2%
37.1%
66.4%
Rated D–G
12.2%
—
56.5%
Caveats
Certificates describe a home when it was assessed; 69% of these are from 2020 or later (latest 27 October 2026). “No insulation (assumed)” is the assessor's default for older walls.
The rules are England's national permitted development rules (General Permitted Development Order 2015, Schedule 2, as at 21 October 2026). They do not cover building regulations or a council's own conditions. This is not a planning decision: ask Manchester if in doubt.
Boundary: Manchester City Council via planning.data.gov.uk (entity 44004018, reference 511, 54.6 ha); the council's appraisal or map. Homes are placed by the coordinates of their UPRN (OS Open UPRN); addresses are not shown.