Solar panels, heat pumps and insulation in South Zeal conservation area
In the South Zeal conservation area (Dartmoor National Park Authority), external wall insulation needs planning permission, and so does an air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road; one at the back or side, internal and loft insulation and solar panels on a roof slope normally do not. The area has 21 listed buildings; on a listed building solar panels and heat pumps are not permitted development at all and need planning permission and listed building consent. 120 homes inside the boundary have an energy certificate: 65.8% are solid-wall homes with no wall insulation, 2.5% heat with a gas boiler and 92.5% are rated D–G; 5 have a heat pump. EPC register November 2026; rules as at 21 October 2026.
Data: EPC register November 2026 (latest certificate per home), conservation area boundaries 3 November 2026, permitted development rules as at 21 October 2026 · calculated 5 November 2026 · Methodology and sources
120homes with an energy certificate
65.8%solid walls, no insulation
2.5%heated by a gas boiler
5heat pumps
Article 4: Dartmoor National Park Authority does not publish Article 4 areas on planning.data.gov.uk — check with the council.
What needs planning permission in South Zeal
Work (house, not listed)
In a conservation area
Rule
Air source heat pump on a wall or roof facing the road, or nearer the road than the house
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class G, G.1(j)
Air source heat pump at the back or side (outdoor unit up to 1.5 m³, MCS Planning Standards, one per house — two on a detached house)
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 14 Class G
Solar panels on a pitched roof (up to 0.2 m proud, not above the ridge)
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 14 Class A, A.2(c)
Solar panels on a wall, balcony or roof enclosure facing the road
Planning permission needed
Part 14 Class A, A.2(e)
Solar panels on a flat roof (up to 0.6 m above the roof)
Prior approval of appearance from the council, unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Replacement windows and doors of similar appearance
No permission needed (permitted development), unless an Article 4 direction removes it — check with the council
Part 1 Class A, A.3(a)
Listed buildings: 21 in the area (grade I: 0, II*: 5). The table is for houses that are not listed: on a listed building, solar panels and air source heat pumps are not permitted development at all (they need planning permission), and any of these works needs listed building consent.
Flats: 2% of the certified homes here are flats or maisonettes. Homes in a block of flats have no householder rights for alterations; heat pumps and solar have their own, tighter rules for blocks of flats.
The homes in the area (latest certificate per home, n = 120)
Walls
Homes
Share
Solid wall (brick or stone), no insulation
79
65.8%
Cavity wall, insulated (as built or unspecified)
20
16.7%
Cavity wall, unfilled
5
4.2%
Solid wall, insulated
4
3.3%
Cavity wall, partly insulated
3
2.5%
Other or not known
2
1.7%
Solid wall, internal insulation
2
1.7%
Timber frame
2
1.7%
Cavity wall, filled
1
0.8%
Cavity wall, internal or external insulation
1
0.8%
Solid wall, partly insulated
1
0.8%
Heating
Homes
Share
Oil
52
43.3%
Electric (storage heaters, panels, boiler)
39
32.5%
LPG
13
10.8%
Solid fuel (wood, coal)
7
5.8%
Heat pump
5
4.2%
Gas boiler
3
2.5%
Communal heating
1
0.8%
Loft / roof insulation
Homes
Share
No insulation
12
10.0%
Under 200 mm
45
37.5%
200 mm or more
44
36.7%
Insulated (depth not recorded)
19
15.8%
Windows
Homes
Share
Double glazed
109
90.8%
Single glazed
8
6.7%
Secondary glazing
3
2.5%
DEF
Energy rating: C 9 (7.5%) · D 34 (28.3%) · E 42 (35.0%) · F 30 (25.0%) · G 5 (4.2%). Houses and bungalows: 98% of the homes; solar panels on 1.7% of the certificates. Most common build period on the certificates: before 1900. Designated: 28 April 1973.
Compared with Dartmoor National Park Authority and England
Share of homes
South Zeal
All 25 areas in Dartmoor National Park Authority
England
Solid walls, no insulation
65.8%
63.1%
48.7%
Gas boiler
2.5%
55.4%
66.4%
Rated D–G
92.5%
—
56.5%
Caveats
Certificates describe a home when it was assessed; 48% of these are from 2020 or later (latest 21 October 2026). “No insulation (assumed)” is the assessor's default for older walls.
The rules are England's national permitted development rules (General Permitted Development Order 2015, Schedule 2, as at 21 October 2026). They do not cover building regulations or a council's own conditions. This is not a planning decision: ask Dartmoor National Park Authority if in doubt.
Boundary: Dartmoor National Park Authority via planning.data.gov.uk (entity 44015860, reference CA19, 28.8 ha); the council's appraisal or map. Homes are placed by the coordinates of their UPRN (OS Open UPRN); addresses are not shown.